1. What is information architecture and what is information infrastructure and how do they differ and how do they relate to each other?
Information architecture identifies where and how important information, such as customer records, is maintained and secured. It is the overall strategy of how an organisation is going to structure its resources.
Information infrastructure includes the hardware, software and telecommunications equipment that, when combined, provides the underlying foundation to support the organisation's goals. It is the actual implementation of an effective information system.
The two concepts are related in that architecture plans what infrastructure is to be used by an organisation. They differ in that architecture is about planning, whilst infrastructure is about implementation.
2. Describe how an organisation can implement a solid information architecture
An organisation can implement a solid information architecture via effectively implementing strong backup and recovery, disaster recovery and information security.
3. List and describe the five requirement characteristics of infrastructure architecture.
· Flexibility: infrastructure architecture must be flexible enough to adapt to changes in the business environment, that must be able to grow and change with the business.
· Scalability: it must be able to adapt to increased demands; must be able to scale to more products, customers, records and systems.
· Reliability: ensures all systems are functioning correctly and providing accurate information .
· Availability: systems must be widely accessible, inside and outside the business.
· Performance: measures how quickly a system performs certain processes or transactions; should be faster and easier to use.
4. Describe the business value in deploying a service oriented architecture
Service oriented architecture (SOA) is a business driven IT architectural approach that supports integrating a business as linked, repeatable tasks or services. It helps today's business innovate by ensuring that IT systems can adapt quickly, easily and economically to support rapidly changing business needs. It also helps businesses increase the flexibility of their processes, strengthen their underlying IT architecture, and reuse their existing IT investments by creating connections among disparate applications and information sources.
5. What is an event?
An event within in the business is identified as the eyes are ears of the business. They detect threats and opportunities and alert those who can act on the information. This involves the use to IT systems to monitor the business process for events that matter and automatically alert the people best equipped to handle the issue.
6. What is a service?
Services are more like software products. They must appeal to a broad audience, and thy need to be reusable if they are going to have an impact on productivity. New services that are defined at a high level, describe such things as 'Credit Check', 'Customer Information' and 'Process Payment'. These services describe a valuable business process.
7. What emerging technologies can companies can use to increase performance and utilise their infrastructure more effectively?
Virtualisation, which allows multiple computer systems to run on the same hardware, e.g. a computer being able to run both Windows 7 and Mac OS X.
Grid computing, which allows unused resources on remote computers to be used.
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